According to a U.N. experts’ report reviewed by the Associated Press, the Congolese armed forces, the M23 rebel movement and Rwanda have all failed to fully implement provisions of the U.S.-brokered agreement reached in December. The accord, initiated during the Trump administration, sought to curb hostilities and stabilize one of Africa’s longest-running conflicts.

Armed Groups Accused of Breaking Commitments

The U.N. panel said the Congolese military has continued cooperating with the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), an armed Hutu group whose ranks include individuals linked to the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Kinshasa had pledged under the peace agreement to end any collaboration with the group.

The report also found that the Rwanda-backed M23 movement has not withdrawn from territory captured during its rapid military offensive in early 2025. Instead, investigators said the group has consolidated its positions and continues to pursue objectives that include challenging the authority of the government in Kinshasa.

U.N. Describes Extensive Rwandan Support

The panel concluded that Rwanda continues to exercise substantial influence over M23 and maintains a significant military presence inside eastern Congo.

According to the report, U.N. experts estimated that between 8,000 and 10,000 Rwandan troops remained deployed in South Kivu, with an additional 6,000 to 8,000 personnel operating in North Kivu during late 2025. Investigators said they found no evidence of major troop withdrawals after that period, describing the deployment as inconsistent with commitments made under the peace agreement.

Rwanda has consistently stated that its security actions are intended to counter the FDLR and address threats along its border. Congo and the United States, however, have accused Kigali of supporting M23 to strengthen access to eastern Congo’s valuable mineral resources. Rwanda has rejected those allegations.

Humanitarian and Security Concerns Persist

The U.N. report identified M23 as a leading perpetrator of conflict-related sexual violence in areas under its control and warned that the humanitarian situation remains severe.

The United Nations has repeatedly described the conflict in eastern Congo as one of the world’s most prolonged and complex humanitarian crises, with millions of civilians affected by displacement, insecurity and recurring violence.

Mineral Smuggling Remains a Key Concern

Investigators also said mineral resources extracted from Rubaya and other mining areas in the Masisi territory continue to be transported into Rwanda through networks controlled by M23.

According to the report, the rebel movement has established parallel administrative and economic structures in territories under its control, with mineral exports reportedly benefiting companies linked to Rwanda.

International Pressure Increases

The findings come as the Congolese government pursues legal action against Rwanda before the International Court of Justice, accusing its neighbor of responsibility for the violence that has destabilized eastern Congo.

Separately, the United States recently imposed sanctions on Gasabo Gold Refinery, a Rwanda-based company. U.S. authorities said the refinery formed part of a network operating in coordination with M23 and stated the measures were intended to support ongoing peace initiatives led by the United States and Qatar.

Diplomatic efforts to secure a lasting settlement remain underway, but the latest U.N. assessment suggests significant obstacles remain before the December peace agreement can be fully implemented.

Tags: Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, M23, United Nations, Eastern Congo, FDLR, International Court of Justice, Conflict, Humanitarian Crisis, Mineral Smuggling, Sanctions, Africa

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In a statement published Monday, the National Liberation Army (ELN) said it had instructed its fighters to suspend offensive operations against Colombia’s armed forces from June 20 through June 23. The ceasefire will cover the period surrounding the presidential election scheduled for June 21.

The ELN said it respects Colombians’ right to vote freely and stated that it does not intend to threaten candidates or obstruct voter participation during the election process. The group also warned against foreign involvement in Colombia’s domestic political affairs.

Polarized Election Raises Security Concerns

The announcement comes as Colombia prepares for a highly contested runoff between presidential candidates Iván Cepeda and Abelardo de la Espriella.

Cepeda, a senator allied with Colombian President Gustavo Petro, is seeking to extend many of the current administration’s policies. His opponent, conservative lawyer De la Espriella, has campaigned on a tougher security platform and has pledged to end negotiations with armed groups that began under Petro’s government.

The election has drawn international attention following De la Espriella’s endorsement earlier this month by Donald Trump, a development that has become a point of debate within Colombia’s political campaign.

In the first round of voting held on May 31, De la Espriella secured 43.7% of the vote, while Cepeda received 40.9%, setting up a closely watched runoff contest.

Peace Process Remains a Divisive Issue

The ceasefire announcement highlights the continuing role armed groups play in Colombia’s political and security landscape.

The Petro administration launched peace negotiations with the ELN in 2023, but those talks were suspended in 2025 following a series of rebel attacks in northeastern Colombia that authorities said displaced more than 56,000 people.

Despite the collapse of negotiations with the ELN, the government continues discussions with other armed organizations, including the Gulf Clan, which authorities have linked to drug trafficking and illegal mining activities.

Critics of the government’s peace strategy argue that previous ceasefires have enabled armed groups to strengthen their territorial control, recruit fighters and expand criminal operations in rural regions where state authority remains limited.

Allegations Surface During Campaign

The election campaign has also been marked by accusations regarding the influence of armed groups on local voting patterns.

Last week, De la Espriella’s campaign called on prosecutors to investigate whether rebel organizations pressured voters in more than 100 remote municipalities where Cepeda received overwhelming support during the first round. Cepeda has denied any involvement by armed groups in his campaign activities.

According to Colombia’s Defense Ministry, the ELN maintains more than 6,000 fighters operating across Colombia and neighboring Venezuela. Authorities say the organization finances its activities through illegal gold mining, extortion and narcotics trafficking.

Founded during the 1960s and inspired by revolutionary movements in Latin America, the ELN has evolved into one of Colombia’s most influential armed groups. In recent years, government officials have increasingly accused the organization of functioning as a criminal network while continuing to present itself as a political insurgency.

The temporary ceasefire is expected to reduce the immediate risk of violence during the election period, although security forces remain on alert as Colombians prepare to choose the country’s next president.

Tags: Colombia, ELN, Presidential Election, Gustavo Petro, Latin America

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Officials report that at least 26 attacks involving explosives and drones have struck civilian areas and military targets in recent days, including a deadly bombing along a major highway that killed more than 20 people. According to reporting from The Associated Press, the incidents are concentrated in strategic southwestern regions where armed groups compete for control of drug trafficking and illegal mining routes.

Election Security Under Strain

The spike in violence has placed Colombia’s May presidential vote under heightened scrutiny, with security emerging as a central campaign issue. Analysts say the attacks may be intended to project strength and influence political negotiations with the next administration, particularly in contested regions where state authority remains fragile.

Political risk experts cited by Reuters suggest armed groups are attempting to demonstrate operational capacity, potentially seeking leverage in future talks with whichever government emerges from the election.

The violence also raises fears of electoral interference, as candidates campaign under increased protection and voters weigh safety concerns when heading to the polls.

Peace Strategy Faces Mounting Pressure

President Gustavo Petro’s “total peace” initiative—centered on ceasefires and negotiations with armed groups—is facing renewed criticism amid the latest attacks. While the policy aimed to reduce conflict through dialogue, critics argue it has allowed insurgent factions to regroup and expand their territorial influence.

Reporting from Financial Times and other outlets indicates that some rebel factions have withdrawn from talks and resumed hostilities, undermining confidence in the government’s approach.

At the same time, supporters of the strategy maintain that abandoning negotiations could deepen long-term instability, highlighting a sharp divide in how Colombia should address its decades-old conflict.

Strategic Regions Become Flashpoints

The attacks have been concentrated in areas such as Cauca and Valle del Cauca—regions long considered critical corridors for illicit economies. Armed groups, including factions linked to dissidents of the former FARC guerrilla movement, have sought to assert control over these territories.

Security analysts note that the use of drones and coordinated bombings signals a tactical evolution, reflecting both increased resources and intent to sustain prolonged asymmetric conflict. The targeting of infrastructure and transport routes also underscores the economic stakes tied to territorial control.

Political Stakes Rise Ahead of Vote

The surge in violence is reshaping the electoral landscape, with candidates offering sharply contrasting approaches to security. Some advocate continuing negotiations, while others call for intensified military operations against insurgent groups.

Observers warn that the outcome of the election could significantly alter Colombia’s security trajectory, influencing both domestic stability and regional dynamics in Latin America. The violence has already deepened political divisions, with both government allies and opposition figures seeking to frame the crisis to their advantage.

As Colombia approaches election day, the interplay between armed group activity and political decision-making is expected to remain a defining factor. The coming weeks will test whether the state can ensure a credible electoral process while confronting one of the most serious escalations in violence in recent years.

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The United Nations Security Council has approved a U.S.-backed plan that outlines Gaza’s next steps after more than two years of conflict. The resolution authorizes an international force, a transitional administration, and a possible route toward Palestinian self-determination. The vote also strengthens U.S. diplomatic efforts as regional talks continue.

Background and Global Significance

The Security Council endorsed the Trump administration’s proposal with a 13–0 vote. Russia and China abstained, but they did not block the measure. The decision gives the plan broad international support after months of negotiations between Washington and regional partners.

U.S. officials said the resolution marks an important moment for Gaza’s future. Many Middle Eastern diplomats agreed. They stressed that UN approval was essential, since countries considering troop contributions wanted a clear legal mandate.

The plan comes after years of intense fighting that destroyed Gaza’s infrastructure and displaced large parts of the population. It also deepened political tensions across the region.

Key Parts of the U.S. Plan

The resolution authorizes an international stabilization force. It will secure Gaza, manage border zones, and oversee the demilitarization of non-state armed groups. The mandate runs through the end of 2027.

A new Board of Peace will serve as a transitional governing authority. Under the plan, U.S. President Donald Trump will oversee the board. This structure places Washington at the center of Gaza’s political transition.

The stabilization force can “use all necessary measures” to fulfill its duties. This phrase signals approval for military force under UN standards. The force will also train and support a Palestinian police unit responsible for local security.

Coordination with Egypt and Israel is required. Both countries play major roles in border management and humanitarian access, which makes their cooperation essential for the plan’s success.

Regional Support From Arab and Muslim Nations

Many Arab and Muslim states backed the proposal. The U.S. issued a joint statement with Qatar, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Indonesia, Pakistan, Jordan, and Turkey. These countries called for a quick vote and said they would consider contributing to the force once UN approval was secured.

Several of these nations had made UN authorization a condition for joining any security mission in Gaza. Their involvement is seen as important for legitimacy and trust across the region.

The vote also comes during a fragile ceasefire. Diplomats hope the resolution will help maintain calm and build a foundation for longer-term stability.

Conditional Pathway to Palestinian Statehood

Debates during the negotiations focused heavily on Palestinian self-determination. Arab states and Palestinian officials pushed for stronger language. As talks progressed, U.S. diplomats agreed to adjust the text.

The final resolution mentions a possible path to Palestinian independence. However, it does not set a timeline. It states that progress in reconstruction and reforms within the Palestinian Authority could “finally” create conditions for a credible route to statehood.

The plan also directs Washington to open a dialogue between Israel and the Palestinians. The goal is to outline a political vision for peaceful coexistence.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu repeated his opposition to Palestinian statehood. His coalition partners voiced similar concerns and warned that the resolution might increase pressure for a two-state solution.

Humanitarian and Regional Realities

The vote took place as the ceasefire continued after more than two years of war. The conflict began after Hamas carried out an attack on southern Israel on October 7, 2023. Israel reported that the assault killed about 1,200 people.

Israel’s military response caused severe destruction across Gaza. The Gaza health ministry says more than 69,000 Palestinians have died. The total includes both civilians and combatants, though the ministry reports that most victims are women and children.

Much of Gaza’s infrastructure remains in ruins. International agencies report ongoing shortages of medicine, food, and clean water. The resolution instructs the stabilization force to work closely with humanitarian organizations to improve aid delivery.

The Challenge of Demilitarization

Demilitarization remains one of the most difficult tasks. The stabilization force must oversee the dismantling of weapons held by non-state armed groups. Hamas has not formally agreed to this requirement, which raises serious concerns.

Regional observers warn that disarmament will face obstacles without broad political support. They also note that the process may take years, not months.

Israeli forces are expected to withdraw as stability improves. The timeline depends on several conditions, including progress on demilitarization. The stabilization force, Israel, the U.S., and the guarantors of the ceasefire must all agree on the benchmarks.

U.S. Messaging After the Vote

U.S. Ambassador Mike Waltz called the vote “historic and constructive.” He said the resolution marks the start of a new chapter for Gaza and the wider Middle East. Waltz also emphasized that the decision represents the beginning of a long, complex process.

President Trump praised the vote on social media. He called it one of the most significant approvals in UN history and said the decision would help strengthen global peace.

Diplomats across the region warned that implementation will not be easy. They expect political challenges, logistical difficulties, and disagreements between major stakeholders.

What Comes Next

The next phase focuses on deploying the stabilization force and forming the Board of Peace. Regional countries must decide how many troops they can provide. The UN will also outline rules, coordination structures, and timelines.

The resolution shows strong international support for a U.S.-led effort to rebuild Gaza and guide its political transition. Whether the plan produces long-term peace will depend on political cooperation, security conditions, and humanitarian progress.

Source: AP News – UN approves the Trump administration plan for Gaza’s future

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U.S. President Donald Trump has warned that the United States could take military action against Hamas if the group continues to kill civilians in Gaza. The statement, posted on Trump’s Truth Social account, follows reports and footage showing Hamas fighters executing rivals in Gaza City’s main square despite a ceasefire deal that aimed to end months of hostilities.

Trump Threatens Action Against Hamas Over Renewed Violence

In a direct message shared on his social media platform on Thursday, Trump wrote:

“If Hamas continues to kill people in Gaza, which was not the Deal, we will have no choice but to go in and kill them. Thank you for your attention to this matter!”

The post came just days after videos circulated online showing Hamas militants executing several individuals accused of collaborating with Israel. The footage, verified by multiple regional news outlets, sparked outrage and renewed fears of instability in Gaza City.

Trump’s warning marks the most forceful U.S. statement toward Hamas since he brokered what he described earlier this month as a “peace deal” between the group and Israel. Under that agreement, Hamas was expected to release all remaining hostages, end attacks on Israeli civilians, and allow humanitarian access to Gaza.

Executions Undermine Fragile Gaza Peace Effort

Witnesses told Fox News Digital and Reuters that Hamas fighters reappeared in Gaza’s streets this week, reportedly to reassert control over the enclave following Trump’s announcement declaring “the war is over.”

Residents said the group issued an ultimatum, giving suspected Israeli collaborators until Sunday to surrender and seek amnesty. The ultimatum came amid signs of internal dissent and reports that Hamas had not yet fulfilled key parts of its agreement — including the return of all deceased hostages to Israel.

Analysts say the renewed violence threatens to derail Trump’s proposed peace framework, which had momentarily reduced tensions between Israel and Hamas. “If these reports are confirmed, it suggests Hamas is attempting to reestablish its authority through fear,” said a regional security expert quoted by Reuters.

Families Await Return of Hostage Remains

Among those waiting for news is Orna Neutra, mother of Israel Defense Forces Capt. Omer Neutra, one of two American-Israeli soldiers whose remains have not been returned. Speaking on Fox News’ Fox & Friends, Orna described the ordeal as “devastating.”

“We came here on Sunday, prepared to receive him on Monday, and as the day went by and only four hostages were released, and our son wasn’t among them, it was devastating,” she said.

Capt. Omer Neutra, who served as a platoon commander, was killed earlier in the conflict. His body remains among those still held by Hamas despite earlier assurances that all deceased hostages would be repatriated during the first phase of the peace agreement.

Orna said families have spent sleepless nights waiting for updates. “Those who return usually arrive after midnight and aren’t identified until morning,” she explained. “Each time, we wait and hope — only to learn he’s still not among them, and now Hamas says no one else can be freed.”

Hamas Faces International Condemnation

International organizations and human rights observers have condemned the public executions in Gaza City as a violation of international law. The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) said it was “deeply concerned” about reports of summary executions and the ongoing withholding of hostages.

The European Union’s diplomatic service also issued a statement urging both Hamas and Israel to adhere to the terms of the ceasefire and protect civilian lives. “Any act that undermines the fragile peace or targets civilians must cease immediately,” the statement read.

U.S. officials have not confirmed whether Trump’s warning reflects an official policy position or a personal declaration. However, sources familiar with discussions told Politico that the president’s post was intended to pressure Hamas into compliance with the ceasefire conditions and to reassure Israeli families awaiting news of missing relatives.

Trump’s Role in the Gaza Peace Process

Trump’s efforts to mediate peace between Israel and Hamas have drawn both praise and criticism. Supporters credit him with brokering an initial ceasefire that halted months of violence, while critics say his direct threats risk escalating tensions.

Earlier this month, Trump declared that “war is over” in Gaza, celebrating the release of several hostages and the withdrawal of Israeli forces from key areas of the territory. However, renewed violence and the failure to return all hostages have raised questions about the durability of the deal.

Foreign policy analysts say the situation underscores the challenges of negotiating with non-state armed groups. “Peace agreements with organizations like Hamas require sustained enforcement mechanisms,” said one analyst from the International Crisis Group. “Without that, the risk of relapse into conflict remains high.”

Outlook: Fragile Peace and Growing Uncertainty

As the situation in Gaza remains volatile, international observers warn that further violence could reverse any progress made under Trump’s initiative. Families of hostages continue to call for accountability and renewed diplomatic pressure to ensure the return of their loved ones.

Whether Trump’s warning leads to action or remains a symbolic statement, the coming days will likely determine the future of Gaza’s tenuous peace.

Source: FOX News – Trump warns Hamas if terror group ‘continues to kill people in Gaza’

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Published: October 12, 2025, 21:45 EDT

The fragile ceasefire in Gaza entered its second day, allowing thousands of displaced Palestinians to return to their devastated neighborhoods. As debris clearing continued, the United States and Israel confirmed that the release of remaining hostages held by Hamas could take place as early as Monday, marking a crucial test for the region’s newly signed peace agreement.

Ceasefire Brings Brief Calm After Years of Conflict

In Gaza City, families cautiously returned to what remained of their homes after two years of conflict. “Gaza is completely destroyed. I have no idea where we should live or where to go,” said resident Mahmoud al-Shandoghli as bulldozers cleared shattered streets. Amid the ruins, a young boy raised the Palestinian flag — a symbolic gesture of resilience amid loss.

In Tel Aviv, thousands gathered at a rally celebrating the expected release of hostages. U.S. President Donald Trump and his envoy, Steve Witkoff, addressed the crowd alongside Jared Kushner. Many Israelis waved U.S. flags and chanted for peace while others called for accountability.

“To the hostages themselves, our brothers and sisters, you are coming home,” Witkoff told attendees, estimated in the hundreds of thousands. Kushner said the nation would celebrate Monday when Israel’s military expects the final 48 hostages to be freed — around 20 of whom are believed to be alive.

International Forces Coordinate Truce Efforts

Roughly 200 U.S. troops have arrived in Israel to help monitor the ceasefire with Hamas. They will operate from a coordination center designed to facilitate humanitarian aid and logistical support, officials said.

“This great effort will be achieved with no U.S. boots on the ground in Gaza,” confirmed Admiral Brad Cooper, head of U.S. Central Command. Cooper met with U.S. and Israeli officials, including Witkoff and Kushner, to finalize monitoring arrangements.

The Egyptian presidency announced that President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi will co-host a regional “peace summit” on Monday with Trump, aimed at addressing both Gaza’s reconstruction and broader Middle East stability. French President Emmanuel Macron is also expected to attend.

Ceasefire Terms Reveal Complex Prisoner Exchange

A copy of the ceasefire agreement obtained by The Associated Press shows Hamas must disclose all information related to hostages’ remains within 72 hours. In turn, Israel agreed to share information on the remains of deceased Palestinians held in Israeli custody.

The deal, confirmed by two diplomatic officials familiar with the talks, outlines that the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and international mediators will oversee all exchanges privately, without public ceremonies or media coverage.

Israel will release approximately 250 convicted prisoners and about 1,700 Palestinians detained without charge since 2023. The Israel Prison Service said detainees have already been moved to deportation centers at Ofer and Ktzi’ot prisons, awaiting final orders.

Humanitarian Agencies Push for Expanded Aid

Relief agencies have urged Israel to reopen additional crossings to increase the flow of food and medical supplies into Gaza, where aid shortages have reached critical levels. A United Nations official confirmed that Israel approved an expansion of aid deliveries beginning Sunday.

The World Food Programme said it plans to reopen 145 food distribution centers. Before the latest escalation, the U.N. managed over 400 sites across Gaza. The organization estimates that 170,000 metric tons of food aid are ready in neighboring countries, awaiting clearance for delivery.

Rebuilding and Governance Questions Loom

As the ceasefire stabilizes, questions remain over who will govern Gaza once Israeli troops withdraw and whether Hamas will agree to disarm, as stipulated in the truce.

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who previously ended a ceasefire in March, warned that Israel could resume operations if Hamas fails to meet disarmament obligations. “The next stage must ensure Hamas’ complete disarmament,” Netanyahu said in a statement.

Officials at Gaza’s Shifa Hospital reported at least 45 bodies recovered from rubble in northern Gaza in the past 24 hours, adding to the mounting humanitarian toll.

Security Arrangements Under U.N. Oversight

Trump’s proposed 20-point plan calls for Israel to maintain a defensive presence along Gaza’s border, while a U.N.-authorized multinational force composed largely of Arab and Muslim troops would handle internal security. Egypt has voiced support for the plan, urging the U.N. Security Council to approve the deployment.

Israeli forces will continue limited defensive operations in roughly half of Gaza until the international mission is established, military officials confirmed.

A U.S. coordination center will remain in Israel to manage Gaza-related issues until a transitional government is formed, according to a meeting summary reviewed by AP News.

Casualties and Regional Impact

The war that began on October 7, 2023, after Hamas-led militants stormed southern Israel, has left deep scars across the region. The attack killed around 1,200 people in Israel and led to the abduction of roughly 250 hostages.

In response, Israel’s military campaign in Gaza has killed more than 67,000 Palestinians, according to Gaza’s Health Ministry, which says nearly half of the dead are women and children. The ministry’s figures, widely cited by the United Nations and independent monitors, remain the most consistent estimate of the conflict’s toll.

The fighting has fueled global protests, international diplomatic tensions, and ongoing accusations of war crimes — allegations that Israel strongly denies.

Path Forward

As Gaza’s residents sift through the ruins and international leaders gather in Cairo, hopes for a lasting peace remain fragile. The success of the ceasefire and the upcoming hostage release will determine whether this marks a turning point or another temporary pause in a decades-long conflict.

Source: AP News – Palestinians return to ruins and US expects hostages freed on Monday as Gaza ceasefire holds

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Published: September 22, 2025, 14:00 EDT

As the war in Gaza intensifies, France and Saudi Arabia are seeking to revive international momentum toward a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Their proposal has gained support from several Western nations, but faces significant opposition from Israel, the United States, and domestic political divisions across the region.

Renewed Calls for Palestinian Statehood

France and Saudi Arabia are using the United Nations General Assembly as a platform to push forward a phased plan for Palestinian statehood. The proposal envisions the creation of a demilitarized Palestinian state in Gaza, the West Bank, and East Jerusalem, areas Israel captured during the 1967 Middle East war.

Britain, Canada, and Australia formally recognized a Palestinian state earlier this month, joining nearly 150 nations that have already extended recognition. France is expected to make a similar move during the ongoing UN gathering.

Despite growing international backing, both Israel and the United States remain firmly opposed. Washington has blocked Palestinian representatives from participating in General Assembly proceedings, while Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has threatened unilateral measures, including potential annexation of parts of the West Bank.

Historical Context and Ongoing Challenges

The two-state framework has long been viewed as the most viable pathway to ending the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which has spanned more than a century. Supporters argue that it would allow Israel to preserve its identity as a Jewish and democratic state while granting Palestinians sovereignty and rights.

Critics of the status quo note that Palestinians live under varying degrees of Israeli control, with limited autonomy in parts of the West Bank and severe restrictions in Gaza. Major rights groups have warned that the current system amounts to apartheid.

UN Secretary-General António Guterres emphasized the urgency of the issue, stating, “Without a two-state solution, there will be no peace in the Middle East.”

However, efforts to negotiate peace have repeatedly faltered. Talks that began in the early 1990s collapsed amid cycles of violence and the expansion of Israeli settlements, which now house over 500,000 Israeli citizens in the West Bank alongside three million Palestinians. No substantial negotiations have occurred since Netanyahu returned to power in 2009.

Humanitarian Crisis in Gaza

The Gaza Strip remains at the center of the crisis. Following Hamas’ October 7, 2023, attack, Israel launched a military campaign that has devastated the territory. Reports indicate tens of thousands of Palestinian deaths, displacement of nearly 90% of the population, and widespread destruction of civilian infrastructure.

The United Nations has warned of famine in certain areas, while aid groups describe conditions as “uninhabitable.” Israel’s latest offensive threatens to further dismantle Gaza’s largest urban centers.

Netanyahu’s government, already opposed to Palestinian statehood prior to the war, has doubled down on its stance. Meanwhile, critics accuse U.S. policymakers of deprioritizing peace talks in favor of policies that could lead to population displacement.

The French-Saudi Proposal

France and Saudi Arabia’s plan seeks to de-escalate the conflict through a phased approach:

• An immediate ceasefire in Gaza.

• Release of hostages held by Hamas.

• Full Israeli withdrawal from Gaza.

• Transfer of authority to a politically independent body under the Palestinian Authority.

Hamas would be required to disarm, though the group has not agreed to this condition. The international community, with potential support from peacekeepers, would oversee Gaza’s reconstruction and governance.

The proposal also envisions broader regional integration, including the possibility of Saudi Arabia normalizing ties with Israel, an outcome that could reshape Middle East diplomacy.

Earlier this month, the UN General Assembly approved a nonbinding resolution endorsing the “New York Declaration,” lending symbolic weight to the initiative.

U.S. and Israeli Opposition

The United States and Israel argue that advancing Palestinian statehood under current conditions risks emboldening Hamas and undermining hostage negotiations. Ceasefire talks collapsed in September after an Israeli strike on Hamas negotiators in Qatar, and earlier attempts had already failed in March and July.

Israeli officials contend that a Palestinian state could provide Hamas with a base for future large-scale attacks. Netanyahu has described international recognition of Palestinian statehood as an attack on Israel itself, warning that unilateral moves by other nations will be met with unilateral responses.

Washington has avoided explicitly endorsing annexation but continues to oppose premature recognition of Palestinian sovereignty. U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio linked discussions on annexation to the broader statehood debate during recent interviews.

The United Arab Emirates, which normalized relations with Israel through the 2020 Abraham Accords, has warned that annexation would be a “red line,” though it has not outlined potential consequences.

Unresolved Core Issues

The French-Saudi plan avoids addressing some of the most divisive elements of the conflict:

• Final borders of a Palestinian state.

• Fate of Israeli settlements in occupied territories.

• Right of return for Palestinian refugees.

• Security guarantees for both sides.

• Status of Jerusalem.

Another obstacle lies in the Palestinian Authority itself. President Mahmoud Abbas, widely criticized for corruption and lack of accountability, has repeatedly postponed elections. Hamas, which won the last national election in 2006, would be excluded unless it disarms and recognizes Israel.

This has led many observers to question whether the proposed framework can deliver lasting peace. Without broad Palestinian support, analysts warn the plan risks becoming another failed roadmap in a long history of stalled negotiations.

Outlook for the Future

Despite renewed diplomatic momentum, the path to a two-state solution remains fraught with challenges. Israel’s political leadership continues to reject Palestinian statehood, the United States has withheld strong support, and Palestinian factions remain divided.

As the conflict in Gaza rages on, the humanitarian toll underscores the urgency of finding a resolution. Whether the French-Saudi plan can bridge decades of mistrust and political deadlock remains uncertain, but it has reignited global debate over one of the world’s most enduring conflicts.

Source: AP News – How the growing push for a 2-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict could backfire

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Published Time: 08-14-2025, 16:45

Israel has announced plans to advance a major settlement project in the occupied West Bank, drawing strong criticism from Palestinian leaders, rights groups, and international observers. The proposed development in the E1 area, east of Jerusalem, has been on hold for decades but is now being fast-tracked, prompting warnings that it could split the West Bank and jeopardize the creation of a future Palestinian state.

E1 Settlement Project Gains Momentum

On Thursday, Israeli Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich confirmed the government’s intention to move forward with the E1 settlement plan. The project would expand the settlement of Maale Adumim by adding roughly 3,500 housing units.

Smotrich hailed the decision as a decisive move to strengthen Israel’s territorial control, stating:

“This reality finally buries the idea of a Palestinian state, because there is nothing to recognize and no one to recognize. Anyone in the world who tries today to recognize a Palestinian state will receive an answer from us on the ground.”

The E1 project has been under discussion for more than two decades but faced repeated delays due to international opposition, particularly from the United States. Previous U.S. administrations urged Israel to halt construction in the area, warning that it could undermine peace negotiations.

Smotrich expressed gratitude to former U.S. President Donald Trump and former U.S. ambassador to Israel Mike Huckabee, calling them “true friends of Israel as we have never had before.”

Final Approval Expected Soon

While the plan has not yet received its final governmental authorization, approval is anticipated next week. If the remaining bureaucratic steps proceed without delay, infrastructure work could begin within months, with home construction potentially starting in about a year.

The E1 area is considered highly strategic by both Israelis and Palestinians. For Israel, it provides territorial continuity between Jerusalem and Maale Adumim. For Palestinians, the development could cut off the northern and southern parts of the West Bank, making a contiguous Palestinian state significantly harder to achieve.

Rights Groups Warn of Long-Term Impact

Israeli rights organization Peace Now sharply criticized the move, warning it would have severe consequences for both sides. In a statement, the group said the project was “deadly for the future of Israel and for any chance of achieving a peaceful two-state solution,” adding that it would “guarantee many more years of bloodshed.”

Palestinian officials echoed these concerns, saying the settlement expansion directly undermines peace prospects and violates international law.

International Reactions and Palestinian Response

The announcement comes as multiple countries prepare to recognize a Palestinian state in September. The Palestinian Authority has condemned the decision, calling it a deliberate attempt to block diplomatic progress.

Arab states also voiced opposition, with regional leaders stressing that unilateral settlement expansion would escalate tensions and further complicate negotiations.

Netanyahu’s ‘Greater Israel’ Remarks Stir Debate

The settlement decision follows comments earlier this week by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who expressed strong personal attachment to the vision of a “Greater Israel.” While he did not provide specifics, proponents of the idea advocate for Israeli control over the occupied West Bank and, in some interpretations, parts of neighboring Arab territories.

Palestinian and Arab leaders view such statements as incompatible with the two-state framework supported by much of the international community.

A Critical Moment for Regional Diplomacy

With final approval of the E1 settlement plan likely within days, diplomatic efforts to de-escalate tensions face a challenging path. The project’s advancement underscores deep divisions between Israel and the Palestinians over territory, sovereignty, and the future of peace negotiations.

Whether the plan proceeds as anticipated could shape the political and security landscape of the region for years to come. As September approaches, when more nations are expected to officially recognize Palestinian statehood, the stakes for both sides continue to rise.

Source: AP News – Israel announces West Bank settlement that rights groups say could imperil Palestinian state

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TEL AVIV, Israel — In a rare and sharply critical voice within Israel, opposition leader Yair Golan condemned the country’s war conduct in Gaza this week, igniting a heated uproar across the political spectrum. His harsh words highlighted the devastating toll on Palestinian civilians — a topic largely absent from Israel’s public discourse amid the ongoing conflict.

Golan, a former general and head of a center-left party, accused Israel’s far-right government of “killing babies as a hobby,” “expelling a population,” and “fighting against civilians.” Speaking on Israeli public radio, he warned that Israel risks becoming a pariah state if it continues such actions.

His comments, focused on the suffering of Palestinians, broke a long-standing silence in Israeli political debate, where criticism typically centers on Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s war strategy and failure to secure the release of hostages held by Hamas.

A Rare Spotlight on Palestinian Civilians

In Israel, public and media attention remains deeply rooted in the trauma of Hamas’ deadly October 7, 2023 attack, which killed 1,200 people and left 251 hostages. Many Israelis see the war as a justified response to that attack and remain focused on rescuing the remaining 58 hostages.

Because of this, discussions about Palestinian civilian casualties — now estimated at over 53,000 deaths in Gaza — have been limited. The majority of Israeli media emphasize Hamas’ responsibility for the civilian toll, and most Israelis find it difficult to reconcile the idea that their own soldiers could be implicated in such suffering.

Ehud Olmert, former prime minister and vocal critic of Netanyahu, said Golan’s words “reflect what many people think,” even if the choice of language was provocative. He noted, “Part of the Israeli public and media are still trapped in the initial shock that started this war, but this is changing.”

Deep National Trauma Shapes the Narrative

The collective trauma from Hamas’ attack solidified a national narrative portraying the war as an existential fight for Israel’s survival. “When you fight a war of existence, you don’t much think about the suffering of the enemy,” said Shmuel Rosner, a Jerusalem-based policy expert.

Within this framework, the pain of Gaza’s civilians rarely surfaces in public debate or media coverage. Images of hostages and victims of Hamas line Israeli streets and dominate news, while harsh realities in Gaza remain largely sidelined.

Political Fallout and Public Backlash

Golan’s remarks sparked immediate condemnation. Prime Minister Netanyahu branded them “disgraceful antisemitic blood libels,” while opposition leader Benny Gantz called them “extreme and false” and demanded a retraction. Golan refused to apologize, clarifying that his criticism targeted the government’s policies, not Israeli soldiers.

Tensions escalated further when a cabinet minister blamed Golan’s words for inspiring a deadly attack on two Israeli embassy workers in Washington. Golan responded by accusing Netanyahu’s far-right government of fueling hatred and antisemitism.

Voices for Change Amidst Division

Despite the backlash, Golan’s focus on Palestinian suffering has resonated with anti-war activists and some Israelis questioning the ongoing conflict. Alma Beck, a long-time protester showing images of Palestinian children killed in Gaza, said, “I think there is a shift. People are starting to connect the dots.”

Yet, she cautioned that this remains a minority viewpoint. Most of Israeli society continues to support the war effort and sees the conflict through the lens of security and survival.

A Politician With Much at Stake

Golan is no stranger to controversy. As a former deputy military chief of staff, his outspoken views have often stirred debate, including a 2016 speech comparing Israel’s political climate to Nazi-era Germany.

Unlike other public figures who have criticized Israel’s actions from the sidelines, Golan’s role as a political leader gives his words added weight — and added risk.

As the war grinds on, his challenge to Israel’s dominant narrative spotlights a painful, complex reality many have hesitated to face: the human cost on both sides of a deeply entrenched conflict. Whether his warnings will spark wider reflection or deepen divisions remains to be seen.

Source: AP News – Israeli politician critiques the Gaza war’s toll on Palestinians and sparks an outcry

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Syria stands at a pivotal moment as recent events highlight both the dangers and potential for unity under interim President Ahmad al-Sharaa. After more than a decade of civil war and the fall of former ruler Bashar al-Assad, the new leadership faces the daunting task of unifying a fractured nation. Over the past week, deadly sectarian violence threatened stability, but a landmark diplomatic agreement has sparked hope for national reconciliation.

Tensions flared last Thursday as clashes between government security forces and Assad loyalists spiraled into violent sectarian revenge attacks. Hundreds of civilians, predominantly Alawites—a minority sect linked to Assad—were killed.

By Monday, government reinforcements had restored order, and calm seemed to return. That same day, al-Sharaa signed a historic agreement integrating Kurdish-led forces in northeastern Syria into the national army—a major step toward unifying the country’s fragmented factions.

Despite the agreement, Syria’s national army remains far from cohesive. Most armed factions that fought to overthrow Assad pledged to merge into a single military force, but in practice, they continue to operate under their own leadership structures.

“This is not yet a professional army,” said Issam al-Reis, a military adviser with the Syrian research group Etana. “There are plans to merge under the Ministry of Defense, but on the ground, every group remains under its own command.”

The challenge is further compounded by thousands of unemployed former Assad-era soldiers, making them vulnerable to recruitment by local and foreign groups seeking to destabilize Syria.

Amidst the turmoil, al-Sharaa’s government struck a significant deal with the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF). The agreement places border crossings, airports, and oil fields in the northeast under central government control by the end of the year. However, unresolved issues, including the management of prisons holding captured Islamic State fighters, remain critical points of discussion.

The timing of the deal suggests it was politically motivated. “Al-Sharaa needed a diplomatic win after the weekend’s violence,” said Syrian researcher Ahmed Aba Zeid. “The SDF saw an opportunity to gain more leverage by supporting him at this moment.”

The deal was facilitated by key international players, including the United States and Turkey. Washington, a longtime supporter of the SDF in the fight against ISIS, reportedly encouraged the agreement. Meanwhile, Turkey, which has historically opposed Kurdish autonomy, appears to have accepted the deal under the condition that SDF expels foreign fighters linked to the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), a Kurdish separatist group.

“This wouldn’t have happened without Turkey’s approval,” a senior U.S. defense official noted. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan confirmed this sentiment, stating, “The full implementation of this agreement will ensure Syria’s security and peace.”

Despite this diplomatic breakthrough, Syria still faces numerous hurdles:

• Israeli Territorial Claims: Israel has seized portions of southern Syria, citing border security concerns.
• Economic Struggles: U.S. and Western sanctions remain in place, hindering economic recovery and reconstruction efforts.
• Ethnic and Sectarian Divides: Alawite and other minority communities remain skeptical of the new Islamist-led government, especially after recent attacks.

The success of Syria’s transition depends on its leaders’ ability to unite the country, curb violence, and reassure all ethnic and religious groups of their security.

“The government must take strong action against those responsible for civilian attacks,” said al-Reis. “Only then can Syria move toward lasting peace.”

As Syria navigates this critical period, the world watches closely to see whether this week’s violence marks a turning point toward stability—or a warning of deeper divisions ahead.

Source

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