Germany’s Conservatives Win Election, but Far-Right Makes Historic Gains

Germany’s Conservative Opposition Wins Election; Far-Right Achieves Historic Gains

Germany’s national election delivered a major shakeup as conservative leader Friedrich Merz secured a lackluster victory, while the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) doubled its support, achieving the strongest result for a far-right party since World War II.

A Crushing Defeat for Chancellor Scholz

Chancellor Olaf Scholz conceded defeat, calling the outcome a “bitter election result.” His center-left Social Democrats (SPD) finished in third place with their worst postwar performance. Projections from ARD and ZDF public television put SPD’s support at just over 16%, well below their previous low of 20.5% in 2017.

The election, held seven months early, was triggered by the collapse of Scholz’s unpopular coalition government in November. Years of infighting, economic stagnation, and rising concerns over migration left voters disillusioned.

Election Results: A Strong Showing for AfD

• Friedrich Merz’s center-right Union bloc: 28.5%
• AfD (far-right, anti-immigration): 20.5% (doubling its 2021 result)
• SPD (center-left, Scholz’s party): 16% (worst result in postwar history)
• The Greens (environmentalist, former coalition partner): 12%
• Left Party (hard-left, comeback performance): Up to 9%
• Free Democrats (pro-business, former coalition partner): 4.5% (likely to lose parliamentary seats)
• Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance (BSW, left-wing populist): Hovering around the 5% threshold to enter parliament

The Challenge of Forming a Government

Merz now faces a difficult path in forming a coalition government, which he hopes to establish by Easter. Whether he will need both the SPD and the Greens depends on whether BSW enters parliament.

“The most important thing is to re-establish a viable government in Germany as quickly as possible,” Merz told his supporters.

The Greens’ candidate for chancellor, Vice Chancellor Robert Habeck, urged Merz to moderate his tone after a tense campaign. “Now he must see that he acts like a chancellor,” Habeck said.

AfD’s Historic Success – But No Coalition Partners

AfD co-leader Tino Chrupalla celebrated the party’s historic achievement, declaring: “We are now the political center and we have left the fringes behind us.”

Their chancellor candidate, Alice Weidel, expressed openness to coalition talks with Merz’s party, claiming “otherwise, no change of policy is possible in Germany.” However, Merz rejected any cooperation, citing fundamental differences on foreign policy, security, NATO, and Europe.

“You want the opposite of what we want, so there will be no cooperation,” Merz firmly stated.

Meanwhile, Scholz condemned AfD’s success, vowing: “That must never be something we accept. I will not accept it and never will.”

Germany’s Role in Europe and Global Uncertainty

As Europe’s largest economy and a key NATO member, Germany’s election outcome will have far-reaching consequences. The next government will play a central role in shaping Europe’s stance on:

• The war in Ukraine (Germany is Ukraine’s second-biggest weapons supplier after the U.S.)
• Migration policies (a major voter concern in this election)
• Relations with the U.S., particularly amid uncertainty over a potential Trump return to the White House

More than 59 million Germans were eligible to vote in the election, determining the 630 members of the Bundestag, who will now take their seats under the iconic glass dome of Berlin’s Reichstag.

The political landscape is shifting dramatically, and the challenge ahead is clear: Can Merz navigate Germany’s fractured parliament to form a stable government? Or will political instability lead to yet another early election?

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